An ethnostate is a term used to describe a hypothetical or existing nation or state where the population is primarily composed of people of a particular ethnic or racial group, and where government policies and institutions are designed to maintain and promote the interests of that particular group. The concept of an ethnostate is often associated with ideas of nationalism, separatism, and identity politics, and has been the subject of considerable debate and controversy. Some proponents of ethnostates argue that they are necessary for the preservation of culture, traditions, and social cohesion, while critics argue that they promote discrimination, exclusion, and inequality, and can lead to conflict and instability.